CENBIMO S.L

HISTOSONDAS OF THE IMMUNOGLOBULIN HEAVY CHAINS
(GAMMA, ALPHA, DELTA, MU OR EPSILON)

Histosonda Alpha Heavy Chain               
Histosonda Delta Heavy Chain               
Histosonda Epsilon Heavy Chain               
Histosonda Gamma Heavy Chain                           
Histosonda Mu Heavy Chain

INTRODUCTION

Competent B lymphocytes immunologically develop from a lymphoid stem cell until they acquire a receptor constituted of a single immunoglobulin molecule specific for a determined antigen. These immunoglobulin molecules are formed by 2 identical heavy chains and 2 identical light chains (kappa or lambda). In humans the immunoglobulin heavy chains gene is located in the telomeric region of the long arm of chromosome 14 and spans a length of approximately 1400000 base pairs. The zones of this gene that code for the immunoglobulin heavy chain constant regions form a continuum situated at the 3’ end of the gene and are ordered in the direction 5’ to 3’ - Cµ, Cδ, Cγ3, Cγ1, Cα1, Cγ2, Cγ4, Cε and Cα2.

In human normal or reactive lymphoid tissues the immunoglobulin producing cells appear in similar proportions to the seric distribution of immunoglobulins with the IgG cells being more abundant, then the IgA cells and finally the IgM cells, with the exception of the intestinal lamina in which the most abundant immunoglobulin is IgA. Very few plasmatic cells producing IgD are observed in lymphoid tissues with the exception of nasopharyngeal tonsils where they can be more abundant. In the B lymphocyte tumors, as a general rule, only one clone proliferates and therefore only one heavy chain is observed. The detection of monoclonality is one of the most important tools for differentiating B lymphoid tumors from reactive processes.

The “in situ” hybridization technique has an important advantage over immunohistochemistry in that there is virtually no background staining and it permits a clean visualization of the histological preparation.

INTENDED USE

For use in In Vitro Diagnosis. The Histosondas of the Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains are useful for the study of monoclonality in lymphoid tumours, lymphoproliferative syndromes, myelomas and for the study of immunodeficiency

syndromes where the chain-specific plasmatic cells are absent or diminished (supposedly one in every 350 Europeans suffer from selective deficit of IgA).

WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS

The Histosondas of the Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains have been designed for professional use in In Vitro Diagnosis and must be manipulated by qualified and accordingly trained personnel.

In order to obtain the best results, the instructions contained in the manual must be followed. Any change to the indicated temperatures, times or any other step of the process can lead to poor results.

KIT COMPONENTS

The kit includes 20 single test tubes of lyophilized Histosonda Gamma, Alpha, Delta, Mu or Epsilon.

The Histosondas of the Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains consist of a fragment of single-stranded DNA with a length of between 190 and 250 nucleotides, complementary to expressed RNA.